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The Gravity Particle Should Exist. So Where Is It?

2025-11-13 Education
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PBS Space Time
PBS Space Time
3.5m subscribers

The Graviton: Quantum Particle of Gravity and Unification Hurdles

Discover why finding the elusive graviton—the quantum particle of gravity—is essential to unifying physics, and learn why the standard path to quantization fails spectacularly under mathematical scrutiny.

Short Summary

  • The search for the graviton aims to reconcile Quantum Mechanics (QM) and General Relativity (GR) to create a master theory.
  • Standard perturbative quantization works well for weak gravity but fails completely in strong gravity regimes due to non-renormalizable infinities.
  • If the graviton exists, it must possess specific properties (massless, spin 2 boson) that guide theories like String Theory.
  • Future verification relies on detecting subtle quantum gravitational effects, such as mediating quantum entanglement, rather than immediate direct observation.

This episode explores the 100-year quest to fit gravity into the quantum framework. We detail the successes of quantizing other forces using Quantum Field Theory and demonstrate where this methodology breaks down when applied to spacetime's fabric, potentially redefining our search for a Theory of Everything.

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Description

Head to https://brilliant.org/Spacetime/ to start learning for free. Plus, our viewers get 20% off an annual Premium subscription for unlimited daily access to everything Brilliant has to offer Physics is this close to understanding the entire universe. And what lives in this gap? Many physicists think it’s the elusive graviton—the quantum particle of gravity—whose discovery will finally allow us to stitch together our two great theories of nature into a single master theory. But what is the graviton, and does it even exist? Help us determine the future of Space Time with the PBS Annual Survey: https://to.pbs.org/2025SurveyST Sign Up on Patreon to get access to the Space Time Discord! https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime Check out the Space Time Merch Store https://www.pbsspacetime.com/shop Sign up for the mailing list to get episode notifications and hear special announcements! https://mailchi.mp/1a6eb8f2717d/spacetime Search the Entire Space Time Library Here: https://search.pbsspacetime.com/ Hosted by Matt O'Dowd Written by Richard Dyer & Matt O'Dowd Post Production by Leonardo Scholzer Directed by Andrew Kornhaber Associate Producer: Bahar Gholipour Executive Producer: Andrew Kornhaber Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Spacetime is a production of Kornhaber Brown for PBS Digital Studios. This program is produced by Kornhaber Brown, which is solely responsible for its content. © 2025 PBS. All rights reserved. End Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: https://www.youtube.com/user/MultiDroideka Space Time Was Made Possible In Part By: Big Bang Alexander Tamas David Paryente Juan Benet Mark Rosenthal Morgan Hough Peter Barrett Santiago Tj Steyn Vinnie Falco Supernova Ethan Cohen Glenn Sugden Grace Biaelcki Mark Heising Stephen Wilcox Tristan Lucian Claudius Aurelius Tyacke Hypernova Alex Kern Ben Delo Cal Stephens chuck zegar David Giltinan Dean Galvin Donal Botkin Gregory Forfa Jesse Cid Dyer John R. Slavik Justin Lloyd Kenneth See Massimiliano Pala Michael Tidwell Mike Purvis Paul Stehr-Green Scott Gorlick Scott Gray Spencer Jones Stephen Saslow Thomas Mouton Zachary Haberman Антон Кочков Daniel Muzquiz Gamma Ray Burst Aaron Pinto Adrien Molyneux Almog Cohen Anthony Leon Arko Provo Mukherjee Ayden Miller Ben McIntosh Bradley Jenkins Bradley Ulis Brandon Lattin Brian Cook Bryan White Chris Liao Christopher Wade Chuck Lukaszewski Collin Dutrow Craig Falls Craig Stonaha Dan Warren Daniel Donahue Daniel Jennings Daron Woods Darrell Stewart David Johnston Doyle Vann Eric Kiebler Eric Raschke Eric Schrenker Faraz Khan Frederic Simon Harsh Khandhadia Ian Williams Isaac Suttell James Trimmier Jeb Campbell Jeremy Soller Jerry Thomas jim bartosh John Anderson John De Witt John Funai John H. Austin, Jr. John591 Joseph Salomone Junaid Ali Kacper Cieśla Kane Holbrook Keith Pasko Kent Durham Koen Wilde Kyle Atkinson Marcelo Garcia Marion Lang Mark Daniel Cohen Mark Delagasse Matt Kaprocki Matthew Johnson Michael Barton Michael Clark Michael Lev Michael Purcell Nathaniel Bennett Nick Hoffenstoffer III Nicolas Katsantonis Paul Wood Rad Antonov Reuben Brewer Richard Steenbergen Robert DeChellis Ross Story Russell Moore SamSword Sandhya Devi Satwik Pani Sean Owen Shane Calimlim SilentGnome Sound Reason Steffen Bendel Steven Giallourakis Terje Vold Thomas Dougherty Tomaz Lovsin Tybie Fitzhugh Vlad Shipulin William Flinn WILLIAM HAY III Zac Sweers

Top Comments (10)

@chuckiechuck909 2025-11-13

Dear algorithm, please prioritize fact based content like PBS Spacetime over clickbaity garbage & trendy content lacking any substance

7.2k 282 replies
@Dave-sg8mp 2025-12-24

"I swear dude, just one more particle and we will understand everything, dude!"

783 27 replies
@hagarbebado 2025-11-14

"Physics is very close to understanding everything in the universe" - Famous last words XD

3.0k 109 replies
@TheLegionofReason 2025-12-26

You need to make a T-shirt with the milk carton photo of a graviton and the caption “Have you seen this particle?”

178 2 replies
@PsychicAlchemy 2025-11-13

0:10 You sneaky devil, you thought you could hide it in plain sight. You're holding it!

1.1k 17 replies
@GuerinMu 2025-11-14

I took the survey and begged PBS to give you, Eons, and honestly every other PBS YouTube channel more money. This channel has fundamentally changed how I see much of the world/universe. It has stripped off more than a couple silly notions, and it has widened my appreciation for the effects of every field of science in our lives. I sincerely hope these channels stay around as long as possible, y'all do the world an incredible service.

2.0k 56 replies
@marceljanssens5935 2025-11-13

Every episodes adds gravity to the situation of the universe

260 8 replies
@bwayagnes 2025-12-12

11:57 Iwould so try to collect trading cards of particles like that 😂 that’s such a clever graphic, well done!

2 1 replies
@andoletube 2025-11-14

That familiar sinking feeling of getting halfway through a PBS Spacetime video and thinking, "I've got it all so far, oh wait, what's this?" Happens every time...

594 15 replies
@SteveWray 2025-11-14

That thing about quantum mechanics being fundamentally discrete and the general relativity being fundamentally continuous... its interesting. This was part of what the Eleatics were doing with the 'Zeno paradoxes'. The point of those paradoxes was to call out that, if you assume that reality is discrete, you are led to paradox. If you assume that reality is continuous, you are led to paradox. The argument is that, since we can only conceive of reality being *either* continuous *or* discrete, the underlying nature of reality must be something completely unlike anything that we can conceive. Pretty advanced thinking for, what, 500BC or even earlier.

178 7 replies

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