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Incredible Study That Explained Why The Immune System Doesn't Just Kill Us (2025 Nobel Prize)

2025-10-16 Science & Technology
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Anton Petrov
Anton Petrov
1.6m subscribers

2025 Nobel Prize Awarded for Discovery of Regulatory T Cells and Immune Tolerance

Discover why scientists earned the 2025 Nobel Prize by revealing the "peacekeepers" of your immune system—the regulatory T cells—and how they actively prevent devastating autoimmune disease.

Short Summary

  • The award recognizes the foundational work establishing peripheral immune tolerance, mediated by specialized T cells discovered through decades of research.
  • Research pinpointed Regulatory T cells (Tregs) as the crucial mechanism suppressing self-reactive immune activity originating from inevitable T-cell diversity.
  • The discovery of the master control gene, FOX P3, confirmed Tregs control immune self-regulation in both mice and humans.
  • This knowledge now drives new therapeutic strategies for treating autoimmune diseases and preventing organ transplant rejection.

The video explains the core problem: the immune system’s highly versatile T-cells, necessary for fighting invaders, sometimes mistakenly recognize and attack the body's own tissues, causing autoimmune disease. It details the independent yet converging research paths that identified the specific regulatory cell type (Tregs) and the single gene (FOX P3) required to keep the immune system balanced and tolerant of the body's healthy cells.

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Description

Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdamath (Unreleased videos, extra footage, DMs, no ads) Alternatively, PayPal donations can be sent here: http://paypal.me/whatdamath Get a Wonderful Person Tee: https://teespring.com/stores/whatdamath More cool designs are on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3QFIrFX *This is a reupload of a glitched video, please read the pinned comment* Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine about the discovery of specific immune cells that prevent auto immunity Links: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2025/summary/ https://www.nature.com/collections/ihgdffibdj https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2025/press-release/ Nobel videos: https://youtu.be/c692RScUwVY https://youtu.be/5i2U67TVsRI https://youtu.be/1wgjI6EkgEE Enjoy and please subscribe 0:00 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 1:00 Immune system and t-cells 3:10 Autoimmune disease and attacking our own body 4:05 First experiment - Sakaguchi's mice 5:45 New t-cells found - tregs 7:05 Scruffy mouse experiments 9:30 Foxp3 gene work and the nobel prize 10:30 What this discovery meant 11:30 What this means for medicine 13:20 Conclusions Bitcoin/Ethereum to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow! bc1qnkl3nk0zt7w0xzrgur9pnkcduj7a3xxllcn7d4 or ETH: 0x60f088B10b03115405d313f964BeA93eF0Bd3DbF Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel Special thanks also goes to all the wonderful supporters of the channel through YouTube Memberships Licenses used: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ and relevant Creative Commons licenses

Top Comments (10)

@whatdamath 2025-10-16

Sorry for the reupload but the last video had a glitch I couldn't resolve This started happening about two months ago with some videos and my guess is that it's from YouTube AI filter they're applying (without asking) but something that interferes with my videos. Since these don't show on Patreon or on my original file and since I haven't changed my editing process in the last 5 years I'm fairly certain this is a new youtube bug but they couldn't figure it out either so I had to reupload Please let me know if you find these in other videos Thanks!

185 20 replies
@Skrillar 2025-10-16

At first i was sitting here thinking to myself "wtf, we already knew T cells regulated like this" however upon listening more it became more apparent that these 3 scientists were the ones spearheading this research for the past two decades. This is Nobel Prize worthy and i am extremely glad to hear they are getting recognized for their efforts. They really did teach us all we currently know about this part of the adaptive immune system and have even managed to add new layers on even when we thought we almost had all the pieces figured out. Immunology has also been a huge hobby of mine for the past 15 years so this whole topic is just beyond cool.

145 5 replies
@ryutak4152 2025-10-16

My mom is suffering from multiple sclerosis. It feels nice to see progress like this. Hope such breakthroughs will come faster.

52 3 replies
@nullifier_ 2025-10-16

In 2017 I had a episode of Guillain Barré Syndrome - a auto-immune disease that happens on a single occasion. The disease is characterized when the immune system destroys myelin cells (responsible for maintaining the ionic gradient and helping the signals go through neurons). Symptoms are mild loss of sensation on some members to complete failure of the nervous system - and in my situation, I completely lost control of my entire body which lasted months and took 2 entire years to recover back to 80%. There are some topics which seem to talk directly to you and this here is one of them.

44 3 replies
@gubaification 2025-10-17

It is grimly interesting how auto immune conditions like their own company. I have several diagnosed, including asthma, skin and bowel conditions. Having them all cured with a single therapy is something hard to imagine for a person who has had their life mostly defined by sickness. Can't wait.

37 4 replies
@Yezpahr 2025-10-16

Thanks for fixing this upload 👍 I got a terrible headache from that previous version.

33 1 replies
@Sajgoniarz 2025-10-16

Imagine fixing Diabetes, IBD, SLE or RA with single shot. That would be amazing.

31 3 replies
@miagarmash8157 2025-10-16

Great content as usual Anton. Thank you 🙏

10
@azorthegreat2112 2025-10-16

Lets hope this can curw my psoriasis soon.

9
@treyweaver5396 2025-10-16

Good vid! Me, MD for 31 years, Molecular Biology undergrad. I lived and worked through all of this. All the terms are recognizable to me. These researchers deserved the Nobel Prize.

5

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