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The Physics of Sci-Fi Monsters, with Charles Liu

2025-10-28 Science & Technology
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StarTalk
StarTalk
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The Physics, Culture, and Psychology Driving Humanity's Monsters

Discover why we create monsters—from Godzilla's atomic origins to zombie metaphors—and learn the laws of physics that instantly disqualify them from reality.

Short Summary

  • Analyze how cultural traumas (like atomic warfare) manifest as iconic monsters (like Godzilla).
  • Apply scaling laws to determine why creatures like Godzilla could not physically walk the Earth.
  • Examine the role of fear of the unknown in generating monstrous narratives, from ancient myths to modern sci-fi.

Hosts Neil deGrasse Tyson, Matt Kirshen, and Charles Liu explore the scientific basis and cultural significance of humanity’s favorite fictional beings. You will learn how monsters reflect contemporary anxieties, why sympathetic monsters are increasingly popular, and the physical limitations that make these giants impossible.

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Description

Would Godzilla be structurally sound or too big for its own weight? Neil deGrasse Tyson, with co-host Matt Kirshen and “Geek-in-Chief” Charles Liu, takes a look at the monsters that have terrified us, like the zombies in The Last of Us or Godzilla, and the scary speculative science behind them. Are black holes cosmic cookie monsters? Charles shares his favorite creature, Godzilla, as Japan’s way of processing nuclear trauma. What does it mean that the monster came from radiation? Neil recalls his childhood fascination with Rodan’s supersonic flight and asks: could any creature that big actually move? We put monster physics to the test. What would happen if Godzilla really walked the Earth? Would his bones shatter under his own weight? From King Kong’s tragic fall to Frankenstein’s electric creation, we trace how monsters evolved alongside scientific discovery. How did Benjamin Franklin’s experiments with electricity inspire Mary Shelley? Why are we drawn to the undead like zombies in The Last of Us to infected humans in Body Snatchers? Could climate change or fungi actually create a real-life zombie apocalypse? And what if the scariest monsters… are humans themselves? From Finding Nemo to The Twilight Zone, Neil, Matt, and Charles examine how fear of the unfamiliar drives us to monstrous behavior. Can understanding physics and biology make the terrifying beautiful? Do monsters endure because they hold up a mirror to our imagination, our fears, and the edges of our humanity? Thanks to our Patrons Brandon, Ikumi Nakajima, Vanessa Johnston, Thomas Weeks, Vicvegatw, M G, Vijay Kale, Anshuman Rai, Zach Kellogg, Marcus, Glenn Clark, christian mendez pagan, Felipe Rocha, John Olsson, Ralph Kewish, George Vailakis, Rick Stawicki, Stephen Bradley, Jeffrey Moore, matthew gilmer, Cheryl, Jeanne, Bishop PPB, Rob, Moose Polk, Daniel Rajski, Mila Gregory, Magnus, Paul Chatalbash, Koy Corwin, Max A, James Lott, Frosty, Stacy Hughes, Shay Collins, Darryl Barton, Graham Anderson, Akseli, James Bartram, Hacker Man, Dick Feynman, Theresa Hernandez, Shannon Pincombe, Arnab Mukherjee, James Rinker, (Not) Lord Kelvin, Daniel Smith, Rob Woods, Trevor Krumm, Joan Amelia Tarshis, Brendan Shrimplin, Joshua Sahner, Kalin Zlatinov, Jay2Serious, Marcus, Nathan Charland, ciana marie dolphin, Justin Jacob, Toilet machine, T P Hysmith, David Faulkner, Ernest Huntress, N.L. Peterson, Andrew McCall, Ondrej Pinter, Benjamin Froud, Jason Northrop, Sloopy55, Floris Kuik, Jan Leslie, Ameesa, Angi Brown, Mesa Kevin, Tars, Dk, thomas Appleby, StarlitFox117, Jessica Black, Jesse Lakeman, jbas2015, Ethan Stepp, Patricia J Clements, Emmanual Morales Rodriguez, Laura Michelle, Darwin Gregory, Michelle Man, Rebecca Wright, Helen Dahlberg, Franny R, Vassilis Bakosis, Lance Hoopes, Steven Savicki, Melissa Lange, and Riley Ruffin for supporting us this week. Timestamps: 00:00 - Introduction: Charles Liu 03:24 - Our Relationship to Monsters 08:10 - Dragons 10:39 - Are Vampires Monsters? 12:29 - Godzilla & The Atomic Bomb 20:50 - How Big Can Monsters Be? 23:40 - King Kong 26:33 - Frankenstein’s Monster 32:06 - The Undead, Zombies, & The Last of Us 42:08 - Embodying Our Fears & The Uncanny Valley 48:43 - Physics Monsters 50:49 - A Cosmic Perspective Check out our second channel, @StarTalkPlus Get the NEW StarTalk book, 'To Infinity and Beyond: A Journey of Cosmic Discovery' on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3PL0NFn Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/startalkradio FOLLOW or SUBSCRIBE to StarTalk: Twitter: http://twitter.com/startalkradio Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/StarTalk Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/startalk About StarTalk: Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up! #StarTalk #NeildeGrasseTyson

Top Comments (10)

@TheHEROFamily 2025-10-31

This was the brilliance of Scooby-Doo. Unmapping the monster and revealing that humans are the real monsters.

870 31 replies
@JoeTheScientist 2025-10-28

Getting recommended a Charles Liu StarTalk 5 minutes after it's uploaded is an absolute W for the YouTube algorithm.

515 8 replies
@nancyplummer7560 2025-11-03

You made a mistake that Hollywood does all the time. As a retired nurse this one makes me crazy. When talking about electricity making frog legs twitch, you said it is not far off because when our heart stops we jolt it with electricity. This is not correct. When someone flatlines (heart stops) you continue CPR and give drugs like adrenaline among others, depending on the situation. When someone is having a Ventricular arrhythmia the only way to have this heart disfunction to beat in a regular rhythm is with an electric jolt.(I judge medical shows on this point) When someone flatlines and they get out the paddles I say to my husband "Oh no the Frankenstein Effect!" Love StarTalk

459 38 replies
@AgentCraftwork 2025-10-29

"I don't know what a physics monster would even be" someone needs to introduce Neil to the SCP foundation

397 5 replies
@Dhruvc0314 2025-10-28

Charles Liu is StarTalk’s greatest guest

388 4 replies
@TravisJ10 2025-10-28

I see Charles Liu, I click. I didn't make the rules, I just follow them.

307 10 replies
@StarTalk 2025-10-28

Which movie monster gives you the chills?

206 232 replies
@SteVeL_318 2025-10-30

3:11 I mean..."In Liu of Science" is right there

194 4 replies
@MiroslavŠiagi 2025-10-28

We need at least 10 more episodes on this topic with Dr. Liu!

165
@EmeraldLance 2025-10-29

45:17 I wasn't expecting Dr. Liu to geek out about Monster Hunter lol

84 4 replies

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