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First Ever Milky Way Simulation With 100 Billion Stars

2025-11-21 Science & Technology
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Anton Petrov
Anton Petrov
1.6m subscribers

Breakthrough AI Simulation Achieves Star-by-Star Milky Way Modeling

Discover how researchers shattered the computational barrier to run the first true star-by-star simulation of the Milky Way. This application of deep learning promises to revolutionize astrophysics and climate modeling.

Short Summary

  • [00:02:05] Scientists achieved a major breakthrough simulating the Milky Way based on individual stars, requiring 300 billion particles.
  • [00:07:40] The key innovation merges conventional physics simulation with deep learning to handle complex, short-time events like supernovae efficiently.
  • [00:10:17] This novel AI surrogate model accelerates computation by over 100 times, making multi-billion-year evolution studies feasible.

The presenter notes the monumental difficulty in simulating galactic formation—specifically managing the vast scale difference between slow stellar orbits and rapid supernova physics. This new Japanese research successfully integrates specialized AI processing nodes, unlocking high-resolution modeling previously deemed impossible due to time-step constraints.

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Description

Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdamath (Unreleased videos, extra footage, DMs, no ads) Alternatively, PayPal donations can be sent here: http://paypal.me/whatdamath Get a Wonderful Person Tee: https://teespring.com/stores/whatdamath More cool designs are on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3QFIrFX Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about an incredible new simulation of the Milky Way Links: https://www.illustris-project.org/ https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3712285.3759866 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illustris_project Previous videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpsTAq3Uw7k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeokV7xJDp4 #milkyway #simulation #astronomy 0:00 Simulating the universe and our galaxy 2:00 Major breakthrough - first Milky Way simulation 2:45 Why this is so hard 5:30 Previous simulations in the last few years 7:30 What this study and the simulation was about 10:30 Why this matters and implications 12:20 Conclusions Enjoy and please subscribe Bitcoin/Ethereum to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow! bc1qnkl3nk0zt7w0xzrgur9pnkcduj7a3xxllcn7d4 or ETH: 0x60f088B10b03115405d313f964BeA93eF0Bd3DbF Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel Special thanks also goes to all the wonderful supporters of the channel through YouTube Memberships Licenses used: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ and relevant Creative Commons licenses

Top Comments (10)

@TotesRandom 2025-11-21

Scientists simulated an entire galaxy before GTA 6.

454 36 replies
@ericfleet9602 2025-11-21

When I was in middle school back in the mid 80's, I created a planetary simulator on my TRS-80. It was written in BASIC and could simulate a few planets going around our sun. It ran pretty well, but over time, the rounding errors of math and the slowness of the computer requiring me to simulate it in chunks of a few minutes, so it would run for several hours before you noticed that the orbits kind of deformed a bit and the longer you went the bigger the errors. So now us having computers capable of simulating hundreds of billions of stars is beyond amazing to me.

182 17 replies
@PhilW222 2025-11-21

Really interesting, but the one thing we can guarantee is that the input data will be wrong, because there is a lot we don’t know or understand - dark matter to name but one. So I would expect the results to diverge from reality, but the nature of that divergence may in itself shed light on some galactic mysteries.

79 5 replies
@Jordandawkins0303 2025-11-21

Haha no way. Been a while since I watched a video of yours, I searched your channel and you happened to have uploaded a video a minute ago lol. Thank you wonderful person

45 3 replies
@palfers1 2025-11-22

And you thought the 3-body problem was hard! Thanks a bunch, Anton. This is awesome.

20 2 replies
@dimitris_kleisiaris 2025-11-22

Imagine simulating a galaxy to experiment with things and this galaxy creates life

11 1 replies
@spacelemur7955 2025-11-22

I am most excited about the implications for weather modeling. As flooding events keep getting more extreme with a warning atmosphere, just doubling the warning time would be great, and even longer times would be very useful for setting up rapid response and things such as setting up temporary dikes, shelters, getting people safely out of the way more orderly, etc.

10 1 replies
@PrimeAthos 2025-11-21

Holy moly! This is amazing. Thank you so so much Anton. I am honored to know such a wonderful person. You are fantastic at your summaries. Our family has learned so much from you for many years. Now I am off to watch inception and the matrix back to back and reflect on this article! 😂

10
@themightyfatish4172 2025-11-23

Cant wait this to be implemented into gta7

3
@existenceisillusion6528 2025-11-24

Interesting that they would go with U-net architecture, instead of diffusion.

1

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